<html><head><title>Sudden Cardiac Death Holter Database</title></head>
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<p>
</p><h1 align="center">The Sudden Cardiac Death Holter Database</h1>
<p>
</p>
<center><img src="icons/vf-30.png"></center>
<p>
<br>
<font size=+1><b>Introduction </b></font>
<p>
An estimated 400,000 Americans and millions worldwide die suddenly each year.
These events are most often initiated with a sustained ventricular
tachyarrhythmia, including ventricular tachycardia (monomorphic or polymorphic),
ventricular flutter, or ventricular fibrillation, with a smaller percentage
related to a primary bradyarrhythmia. Sudden cardiac death syndrome may be due
to a wide variety of different electrical and mechanical substrates, including
acute myocardial infarction, chronic coronary disease with prior myocardial
infarction(s), cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, valvular heart disease, right
ventricular dysplasia, the long Q-T syndrome (acquired or congenital), Wolff-
Parkinson-White pre-excitation, the Brugada syndrome, drug toxicity (e.g.,
proarrhythmic effects of cardioactive drugs; epinephrine, cocaine, and related
stimulants), and so forth. Moreover, some individuals have no demonstrable
electrical or mechanical predisposition.
<p>
Although understanding the basic mechanisms and identifying predictive features
of life-threatening arrhythmias is a major public health priority, progress in
this area has been impeded by the lack of relevant databases. Holter monitor
records obtained during spontaneous episodes of sustained ventricular
tachyarrhythmias or life-threatening bradyarrhythmias are relatively rare.
Those tapes that do exist have sometimes been held in a "proprietary" fashion by
investigators at different centers. Other investigators, while enthusiastic
about sharing these invaluable datasets have, until now, not had a mechanism to
bank their data. Since no single center is likely to accrue sufficient numbers
of well-annotated recordings of this type to allow for more definitive
evaluations, the ability to investigate the basis of spontaneous, life-
threatening arrhythmias and to develop forecasting algorithms has been stymied.
<p>
PhysioNet is inaugurating a Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) database to facilitate
progress in this important area of electrophysiology by making available to the
scientific community a collection of relevant recordings. We initiate this new
component with 19 Holter records from the BIH/MIT collection, including 16
patients with underlying sinus rhythm and 3 with atrial fibrillation. All
patients had a sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and most an actual cardiac
arrest.
<p>
These recordings were mainly obtained in the 1980s in Boston area hospitals, and
were later compiled as part of a study of ventricular arrhythmias. Because of
the retrospective nature of this collection, there are important limitations.
Patient information is limited, and sometimes completely unavailable, including
data regarding drug regimens and drug dosages. [George - what about mechanical
issues re: tape quality, types of recordings, etc.??] Further, these cases may
not be representative of spontaneous episodes of sudden death in what is likely
a very heterogenous group of subjects. However, despite major shortcomings,
these unique recordings may provide important clues to the pathogenesis of
sudden death syndrome and serve as a nucleating point for other contributions
from investigators worldwide who have access to similar records.
<p>
Preliminary analysis of data from some of these recordings has been described in
the following publications:
<ol>
<li> Goldberger AL, Rigney DR, Mietus J, Antman EW, Greenwald S. Nonlinear
dynamics in sudden cardiac death syndrome: heart rate oscillations and
bifurcations. <i>Experientia</i> 1988; <b>44</b>:983-987. (Analysis based on 16 subjects with
underlying sinus rhythm.)
</li>
<li> Courtemanche M, Glass L. Rosengarten MD, Goldberger AL. Beyond pure
parasystole: promises and problems in modeling complex arrhythmias. <i>Am J
Physiol</i> 1989; <b>257</b> (Heart Circ Physiol 26):H693-H706. (Case 2 in this report is
based on data from subject 47 in the SCD database.)
</li>
<li> Goldberger AL, Rigney DR. On the non-linear motions of the heart:
fractals, chaos and cardiac dynamics. In: Goldbeter A, ed. <i>Cell to Cell
Signaling: From Experiments to Theoretical Models.</i> San Diego: Academic Press,
1989, pp. 541-550. (Figure 4, showing complex periodic patterns of ventricular
premature beats, is derived from data from subject ? in the SCD database.)
</li>
</ol>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<font size=+1><b>ECG data and beat annotations</b></font>
<p>
<center>
<table border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" width="720">
<tbody>
<tr bgcolor="cc9999">
<th align="center" width="13%">Signals</th>
<th align="center" width="13%">Header</th>
<th align="center" width="13%">Unaudited<br>Annotations</th>
<th align="center" width="13%">Audited<br>Annotations</th>
<th align="center" width="13%">Signal <br>Duration</th>
<th align="center" width="17%">VF Onset <br>Time (elapsed)</th>
<th align="center" width="18%">View <br> Waveform</th>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/30.dat">30.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/30.hea">30.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/30.ari" target="_other">30.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/30.atr" target="_other">30.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 24:33:17 </td>
<td align="center"> 07:54:33 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=30&window=10&tstartHMS=7:54:30&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">30-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/31.dat">31.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/31.hea">31.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/31.ari" target="_other">31.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/31.atr" target="_other">31.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 13:58:40 </td>
<td align="center"> 14:42:24 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=31&window=10&tstartHMS=13:42:20&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">31-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/32.dat">32.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/32.hea">32.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/32.ari" target="_other">32.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/32.atr" target="_other">32.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 24:20:00 </td>
<td align="center"> 16:45:18 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=32&window=10&tstartHMS=16:45:15&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">32-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/33.dat">33.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/33.hea">33.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/33.ari" target="_other">33.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 24:33:00</td>
<td align="center"> 04:46:19 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=33&window=10&tstartHMS=04:46:15&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">33-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/34.dat">34.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/34.hea">34.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/34.ari" target="_other">34.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/34.atr" target="_other">34.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 07:05:20 </td>
<td align="center"> 06:35:44 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=34&window=10&tstartHMS=06:35:40&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">34-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/35.dat">35.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/35.hea">35.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/35.ari" target="_other">35.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/35.atr" target="_other">35.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 24:52:00 </td>
<td align="center"> 24:34:56 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=35&window=10&tstartHMS=24:34:50&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">35-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/36.dat">36.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/36.hea">36.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/36.ari" target="_other">36.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/36.atr" target="_other">36.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 20:21:20 </td>
<td align="center"> 18:59:01 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=36&window=10&tstartHMS=18:58:55&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">36-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/37.dat">37.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/37.hea">37.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/37.ari" target="_other">37.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 25:08:00 </td>
<td align="center"> 01:31:13 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=37&window=10&tstartHMS=01:31:10&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">37-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/38.dat">38.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/38.hea">38.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/38.ari" target="_other">38.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 18:18:25 </td>
<td align="center"> 08:01:54 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=38&window=10&tstartHMS=08:01:50&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">38-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/39.dat">39.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/39.hea">39.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/39.ari" target="_other">39.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 05:47:00 </td>
<td align="center"> 04:37:51 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=39&window=10&tstartHMS=04:37:45&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">39-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/40.dat">40.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/40.hea">40.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/40.ari" target="_other">40.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 24:53:00 </td>
<td align="center"> (paced, no VF)</td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=40&window=10&tstartHMS=00:00:00&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">40-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/41.dat">41.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/41.hea">41.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/41.ari" target="_other">41.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/41.atr" target="_other">41.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 03:56:00 </td>
<td align="center"> 02:59:24 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=41&window=10&tstartHMS=02:59:20&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">41-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/42.dat">42.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/42.hea">42.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/42.ari" target="_other">42.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 25:08:10 </td>
<td align="center"> (no VF) </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=42&window=10&tstartHMS=00:00:00&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">42-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/43.dat">43.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/43.hea">43.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/43.ari" target="_other">43.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 23:07:50 </td>
<td align="center"> 15:37:11 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=43&window=10&tstartHMS=15:37:05&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">43-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/44.dat">44.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/44.hea">44.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/44.ari" target="_other">44.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 23:20:00 </td>
<td align="center"> 19:38:45 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=44&window=10&tstartHMS=19:38:40&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">44-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/45.dat">45.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/45.hea">45.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/45.ari" target="_other">45.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/45.atr" target="_other">45.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 24:09:20 </td>
<td align="center"> 18:09:17 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=45&window=10&tstartHMS=18:09:10&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">45-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/46.dat">46.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/46.hea">46.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/46.ari" target="_other">46.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/46.atr" target="_other">46.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 04:15:10 </td>
<td align="center"> 03:41:47 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=46&window=10&tstartHMS=03:41:40&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">46-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/47.dat">47.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/47.hea">47.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/47.ari" target="_other">47.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 23:35:50 </td>
<td align="center"> 06:13:01 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=47&window=10&tstartHMS=06:12:55&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">47-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/48.dat">48.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/48.hea">48.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/48.ari" target="_other">48.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 24:36:15 </td>
<td align="center"> 02:29:40 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=48&window=10&tstartHMS=02:29:35&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">48-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/49.dat">49.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/49.hea">49.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/49.ari" target="_other">49.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/49.atr" target="_other">49.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 25:01:40 </td>
<td align="center"> (paced, no VF) </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=49&window=10&tstartHMS=13:42:20&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">49-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/50.dat">50.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/50.hea">50.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/50.ari" target="_other">50.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center"> 23:07:38 </td>
<td align="center"> 11:45:43 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=50&window=10&tstartHMS=11:45:40&sweep=25&annotator=ari" target="_other">50-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/51.dat">51.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/51.hea">51.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/51.ari" target="_other">51.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/51.atr" target="_other">51.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 25:08:30 </td>
<td align="center"> 22:58:23 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=51&window=10&tstartHMS=22:58:20&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">51-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="88dddd">
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/52.dat">52.dat</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/52.hea">52.hea</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/52.ari" target="_other">52.ari</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="ecg/52.atr" target="_other">52.atr</a></td>
<td align="center"> 07:31:05 </td>
<td align="center"> 02:32:40 </td>
<td align="center"><a href="/cgi-bin/sddb/wchart_sddb?database=sddb&vol=ecg&record=52&window=10&tstartHMS=02:32:35&sweep=25&annotator=atr" target="_other">52-waveform</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</center>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<font size=+1><b>Clinical information</b></font>
<p>
<center>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="800">
<tr bgcolor="dddddd">
<th align="center" width="10%"> Subject # </th>
<th align="center" width="8%"> Gender </th>
<th align="center" widht="7%"> Age </th>
<th align="center" widht="15%"> History </th>
<th align="center" widht="25%"> Medication </th>
<th align="center" widht="35%"> Underling Cardiac Rhythm </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">30</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">43</td>
<td align="left"> None available</td>
<td align="left"> Unknown</td>
<td align="left"> Sinus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">31</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">72</td>
<td align="left"> Heart failure</td>
<td align="left"> digoxin; quinidine gluconate</td>
<td align="left"> Sinus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">32</td>
<td align="center">N/A</td>
<td align="center">62</td>
<td align="left"> Coronary bypass grafting; <br> History of arrhythmia</td>
<td align="left"> Procan SR; beta-blocker</td>
<td align="left"> Sinus with intermittent <br> demand verntricular pacing; <br> CPR at time of cardiac arrest </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">33</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">30</td>
<td align="left"> None available </td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">34</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">34</td>
<td align="left"> None available </td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">35</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">72</td>
<td align="left"> Mitral valve replacement</td>
<td align="left"> digoxin </td>
<td align="left"> Atrial fibrillation (AF) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">36</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">75</td>
<td align="left"> Cardiac surgery </td>
<td align="left"> digoxin; quinidine </td>
<td align="left"> AF </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">37</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">89</td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> AF </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">38</td>
<td align="center">N/A</td>
<td align="center">N/A</td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">39</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">66</td>
<td align="left"> Acute myelogenous leukemia</td>
<td align="left"> digoxin; quinidine </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">40</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">79</td>
<td align="left"> N/A</td>
<td align="left"> N/A</td>
<td align="left"> Paced </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">41</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">N/A</td>
<td align="left"> None available </td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">42</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">17</td>
<td align="left"> Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; <br> Positive family history of <br> sudden death </td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">43</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">35</td>
<td align="left"> Coronary artery disease</td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Intermittent ventricular <br> pacing </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">44</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">N/A</td>
<td align="left"> None available</td>
<td align="left"> Unknown</td>
<td align="left"> Sinus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">45</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">68</td>
<td align="left"> History of ventricular ectopy</td>
<td align="left"> digoxin; quinidine gluconate </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">46</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">N/A</td>
<td align="left"> None available </td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">47</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">34</td>
<td align="left"> None available</td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">48</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">80</td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">49</td>
<td align="center">Male</td>
<td align="center">73</td>
<td align="left"> Coronary artery s/p <br> myocardial infarction; <br> History of ventricular <br> tachycardia</td>
<td align="left"> Unknown </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">50</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">68</td>
<td align="left"> Coronary artery bypass graft; <br> Mitral valve replacement </td>
<td align="left"> digoxin; quinidine;<br> propranolol; <br> potassium; diuretics</td>
<td align="left"> AF </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">51</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">67</td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> N/A </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus with intermittent<br> pacing </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">52</td>
<td align="center">Female</td>
<td align="center">82</td>
<td align="left"> Heart failure</td>
<td align="left"> None listed </td>
<td align="left"> Sinus </td>
</tr>
</table>
</center>
<p>
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